House roll call 652 · 103rd Congress · Mar 11, 1994
Workforce restructuring act
On Mar 11, 1994, the House voted 231–150 on “On motion to instruct conferees” (HR 3345). Result: Passed. By party: Democrats 81–141, Republicans 150–8, Independents 0–1. It was a split vote: the parties took opposite sides, with some members crossing over. 89 members voted against their own party.
During the 103rd Congress (1993–1994), Bill Clinton was president, and Democrats held majorities in both the House and Senate.
- Result
- Passed
- Yes
- 231
- No
- 150
- Did not vote
- 65
- Date
- Mar 11, 1994
By party
- Republicans150 yes · 8 no · 22 didn’t vote
- Democrats81 yes · 141 no · 43 didn’t vote
- Independents0 yes · 1 no
Who broke with their party
- John Glen Browder D-AL voted yes
- Tom Bevill D-AL voted yes
- Robert E. (Bud) Cramer Jr. D-AL voted yes
- Blanche Lambert Lincoln D-AR voted yes
- Karan English D-AZ voted yes
- Richard Henry Lehman D-CA voted yes
- Howard Lawrence Berman D-CA voted yes
- Henry Arnold Waxman D-CA voted yes
- Jane L. Harman D-CA voted yes
- Lynn Schenk D-CA voted yes
- Barbara Bailey Kennelly D-CT voted yes
- Samuel Gejdenson D-CT voted yes
- Christopher H. Shays R-CT voted no
- Earl Dewitt Hutto D-FL voted yes
- Douglas Brian (Pete) Peterson D-FL voted yes
- Sanford Dixon Bishop Jr. D-GA voted yes
- George (Buddy) Darden D-GA voted yes
- John Nathan Deal D-GA voted yes
- Neal Edward Smith D-IA voted yes
- Larry Larocco D-ID voted yes
- George Edward Sangmeister D-IL voted yes
- Jerry Francis Costello D-IL voted yes
- Harris W. Fawell R-IL voted no
- Glenn Poshard D-IL voted yes
- Timothy John Roemer D-IN voted yes
- John Thomas Myers R-IN voted no
- Daniel Robert Glickman D-KS voted yes
- Wilbert Joseph (Billy) Tauzin D-LA voted yes
- Constance A. Morella R-MD voted no
- Bart T. Stupak D-MI voted yes
- Vernon James Ehlers R-MI voted no
- James A. Barcia D-MI voted yes
- Frederick Stephen Upton R-MI voted no
- Sander Martin Levin D-MI voted yes
- Collin Clark Peterson D-MN voted yes
- Isaac Newton Skelton IV (Ike) D-MO voted yes
- Patsy Ann (Pat) Danner D-MO voted yes
- Jamie Lloyd Whitten D-MS voted yes
- Gillespie V. (Sonny) Montgomery D-MS voted yes
- Michael (Mike) Parker D-MS voted yes
- Gary Eugene (Gene) Taylor D-MS voted yes
- Itimous Thaddeus (Tim) Valentine Jr. D-NC voted yes
- H. Martin Lancaster D-NC voted yes
- Stephen Lybrook Neal D-NC voted yes
- Earl Ralph Pomeroy III D-ND voted yes
- Robert Ernest Andrews D-NJ voted yes
- William John Hughes D-NJ voted yes
- Frank Pallone Jr. D-NJ voted yes
- Herbert C. Klein D-NJ voted yes
- Robert Guy Torricelli D-NJ voted yes
- James Hubert Bilbray D-NV voted yes
- Charles Ellis (Chuck) Schumer D-NY voted yes
- Carolyn Bosher Maloney D-NY voted yes
- Eliot Lance Engel D-NY voted yes
- Nita M. Lowey D-NY voted yes
- Benjamin Arthur Gilman R-NY voted no
- Marcia Carolyn (Marcy) Kaptur D-OH voted yes
- James A. Traficant Jr. D-OH voted yes
- Eric D. Fingerhut D-OH voted yes
- William K. Brewster D-OK voted yes
- David Keith Mccurdy D-OK voted yes
- Elizabeth Furse D-OR voted yes
- Ronald Lee Wyden D-OR voted yes
- Peter Anthony Defazio D-OR voted yes
- Paul F. Mchale Jr. D-PA voted yes
- John F. (Jack) Reed D-RI voted yes
- John McKee Spratt Jr. D-SC voted yes
- James Hayes Shofner Cooper D-TN voted yes
- Robert Nelson Clement D-TN voted yes
- John S. Tanner D-TN voted yes
- Jim Chapman D-TX voted yes
- Charles Wilson D-TX voted yes
- Ralph Moody Hall D-TX voted yes
- John Wiley Bryant D-TX voted yes
- James Jarrell (Jake) Pickle D-TX voted yes
- Thomas Chester (Chet) Edwards D-TX voted yes
- Preston M. (Pete) Geren D-TX voted yes
- William Sarpalius D-TX voted yes
- Eligio De La Garza II (Kika) D-TX voted yes
- Charles Walter Stenholm D-TX voted yes
And 9 more.
The bill
How each representative voted: Yes
- Donald Edwin Young R-AK
- Robert Terry Everett R-AL
- John Glen Browder D-AL
- Tom Bevill D-AL
- Robert E. (Bud) Cramer Jr. D-AL
- Spencer T. Bachus III R-AL
- Blanche Lambert Lincoln D-AR
- Timothy Hutchinson R-AR
- Jay W. Dickey Jr. R-AR
- Robert Lee Stump R-AZ
- Jon Llewellyn Kyl R-AZ
- James Thomas Kolbe R-AZ
- Karan English D-AZ
- Walter William (Wally) Herger R-CA
- John Taylor Doolittle R-CA
- William P. Baker R-CA
- Richard William Pombo R-CA
- Richard Henry Lehman D-CA
- William Marshall Thomas R-CA
- Michael Huffington R-CA
- Elton W. Gallegly R-CA
- Howard P. (Buck) Mckeon R-CA
- Howard Lawrence Berman D-CA
- Carlos John Moorhead R-CA
- David Timothy Dreier R-CA
- Henry Arnold Waxman D-CA
- Jane L. Harman D-CA
- John Stephen (Steve) Horn R-CA
- Edward Randall Royce R-CA
- Jay C. Kim R-CA
- Ken Calvert R-CA
- Alfred A. Mccandless R-CA
- Dana Rohrabacher R-CA
- Robert Kenneth Dornan R-CA
- Charles Christopher Cox R-CA
- Ronald C. Packard R-CA
- Lynn Schenk D-CA
- Randall (Duke) Cunningham R-CA
- Duncan Lee Hunter R-CA
- Scott Mcinnis R-CO
- A. Wayne Allard R-CO
- Joel M. Hefley R-CO
- Daniel Schaefer R-CO
- Barbara Bailey Kennelly D-CT
- Samuel Gejdenson D-CT
- Gary A. Franks R-CT
- Nancy Lee Johnson R-CT
- Michael Newbold Castle R-DE
- Earl Dewitt Hutto D-FL
- Douglas Brian (Pete) Peterson D-FL
- Tillie Kidd Fowler R-FL
- Clifford Bundy Stearns R-FL
- John L. Mica R-FL
- Ira William Mccollum Jr. (Bill) R-FL
- Charles William (Bill) Young R-FL
- Charles Terrance Canady R-FL
- Porter J. Goss R-FL
- Thomas F. Lewis R-FL
- Ileana Ros-Lehtinen R-FL
- Lincoln Diaz-Balart R-FL
- Sanford Dixon Bishop Jr. D-GA
- Michael Allen (Mac) Collins R-GA
- John Elmer Linder R-GA
- Newton Leroy Gingrich R-GA
- George (Buddy) Darden D-GA
- John Nathan Deal D-GA
- James Albert Smith Leach R-IA
- James Allen Nussle R-IA
- Neal Edward Smith D-IA
- Frederick Lawrence Grandy R-IA
- Larry Larocco D-ID
- Michael Dean Crapo R-ID
- Henry John Hyde R-IL
- John Edward Porter R-IL
- George Edward Sangmeister D-IL
- Jerry Francis Costello D-IL
- John Dennis Hastert R-IL
- Thomas W. Ewing R-IL
- Donald A. Manzullo R-IL
- Robert Henry Michel R-IL
- Glenn Poshard D-IL
- Timothy John Roemer D-IN
- Stephen Earle Buyer R-IN
- Danny Lee Burton R-IN
- Charles Patrick (Pat) Roberts R-KS
- Jan Meyers R-KS
- Daniel Robert Glickman D-KS
- James Paul David Bunning R-KY
- Harold Dallas (Hal) Rogers R-KY
- Robert Linlithgow Livingston Jr. R-LA
- Wilbert Joseph (Billy) Tauzin D-LA
- James O. Mccrery III R-LA
- Richard Hugh Baker R-LA
- Peter I. Blute R-MA
- Peter Gerard Torkildsen R-MA
- Wayne Thomas Gilchrest R-MD
- Helen Delich Bentley R-MD
- Roscoe Gardner Bartlett R-MD
- Olympia Jean Snowe R-ME
- Bart T. Stupak D-MI
- Peter Hoekstra R-MI
- David Lee Camp R-MI
- James A. Barcia D-MI
- Nick H. Smith R-MI
- Joseph Knollenberg R-MI
- Sander Martin Levin D-MI
- James (Jim) Ramstad R-MN
- Rod Grams R-MN
- Collin Clark Peterson D-MN
- James Matthes Talent R-MO
- Isaac Newton Skelton IV (Ike) D-MO
- Patsy Ann (Pat) Danner D-MO
- Melton D. (Mel) Hancock R-MO
- Norvell William (Bill) Emerson R-MO
- Jamie Lloyd Whitten D-MS
- Gillespie V. (Sonny) Montgomery D-MS
- Michael (Mike) Parker D-MS
- Gary Eugene (Gene) Taylor D-MS
- Itimous Thaddeus (Tim) Valentine Jr. D-NC
- H. Martin Lancaster D-NC
- Stephen Lybrook Neal D-NC
- Howard Coble R-NC
- Earl Ralph Pomeroy III D-ND
- Douglas Kent Bereuter R-NE
- William E. Barrett R-NE
- William H. Zeliff Jr. R-NH
- Robert Ernest Andrews D-NJ
- William John Hughes D-NJ
- Hugh James Saxton R-NJ
- Christopher Henry Smith R-NJ
- Margaret Scafati Roukema R-NJ
- Frank Pallone Jr. D-NJ
- Robert Douglas Franks R-NJ
- Herbert C. Klein D-NJ
- Robert Guy Torricelli D-NJ
- Richard Zimmer R-NJ
- Steven Harvey Schiff R-NM
- Joseph Richard Skeen R-NM
- James Hubert Bilbray D-NV
- Barbara Farrell Vucanovich R-NV
- Enrico A. (Rick) Lazio R-NY
- Peter T. King R-NY
- David A. Levy R-NY
- Charles Ellis (Chuck) Schumer D-NY
- Susan Molinari R-NY
- Carolyn Bosher Maloney D-NY
- Eliot Lance Engel D-NY
- Nita M. Lowey D-NY
- Hamilton Fish Jr. R-NY
- Sherwood Louis Boehlert R-NY
- John Michael Mchugh R-NY
- James T. Walsh R-NY
- L. William Paxon R-NY
- John Francis (Jack) Quinn R-NY
- Amory Houghton Jr. R-NY
- Robert Jones (Rob) Portman R-OH
- Michael Garver Oxley R-OH
- Paul Eugene Gillmor R-OH
- David Lee Hobson R-OH
- Marcia Carolyn (Marcy) Kaptur D-OH
- Martin R. Hoke R-OH
- John Richard Kasich R-OH
- Deborah D. Pryce R-OH
- Ralph Straus Regula R-OH
- James A. Traficant Jr. D-OH
- Eric D. Fingerhut D-OH
- James Mountain Inhofe R-OK
- William K. Brewster D-OK
- David Keith Mccurdy D-OK
- Ernest James Istook Jr. R-OK
- Elizabeth Furse D-OR
- Robert Freeman Smith R-OR
- Ronald Lee Wyden D-OR
- Peter Anthony Defazio D-OR
- William Floyd Clinger Jr. R-PA
- Wayne Curtis (Curt) Weldon R-PA
- James Charles Greenwood R-PA
- E. G. (Bud) Shuster R-PA
- Joseph Michael Mcdade R-PA
- Paul F. Mchale Jr. D-PA
- Robert Smith Walker R-PA
- George William Gekas R-PA
- Richard John (Rick) Santorum R-PA
- William Franklin Goodling R-PA
- Thomas Joseph Ridge R-PA
- Ronald K. Machtley R-RI
- John F. (Jack) Reed D-RI
- Arthur Ravenel Jr. R-SC
- Floyd Davidson Spence R-SC
- Robert Durden Inglis R-SC
- John McKee Spratt Jr. D-SC
- John J. Duncan Jr. R-TN
- James Hayes Shofner Cooper D-TN
- Robert Nelson Clement D-TN
- John S. Tanner D-TN
- Jim Chapman D-TX
- Charles Wilson D-TX
- Sam Johnson R-TX
- Ralph Moody Hall D-TX
- John Wiley Bryant D-TX
- William Reynolds Archer Jr. R-TX
- James Jarrell (Jake) Pickle D-TX
- Thomas Chester (Chet) Edwards D-TX
- Preston M. (Pete) Geren D-TX
- William Sarpalius D-TX
- Eligio De La Garza II (Kika) D-TX
- Charles Walter Stenholm D-TX
- Larry Ed Combest R-TX
- Lamar Seeligson Smith R-TX
- Thomas Dale Delay R-TX
- Henry Bonilla R-TX
- Jonas Martin Frost D-TX
- Richard Keith Armey R-TX
- James Vear Hansen R-UT
- Karen Shepherd D-UT
- Herbert Harvell Bateman R-VA
- Lewis Franklin Payne Jr. D-VA
- Robert William Goodlatte R-VA
- Thomas Jerome Bliley Jr. R-VA
- Maria E. Cantwell D-WA
- Jennifer Blackburn Dunn R-WA
- Peter William Barca D-WI
- Scott L. Klug R-WI
- Steven Craig Gunderson R-WI
- Thomas Evert Petri R-WI
- Toby A. Roth R-WI
- Frank James Sensenbrenner Jr. R-WI
- Alan Bowlby Mollohan D-WV
- Robert Ellsworth Wise Jr. D-WV
- Nick Joe Rahall II D-WV
- Craig Lyle Thomas R-WY
How each representative voted: No
- Earl Frederick Hilliard D-AL
- Raymond Hoyt (Ray) Thornton Jr. D-AR
- Samuel G. Coppersmith D-AZ
- Ed Pastor D-AZ
- Daniel Hamburg D-CA
- Victor Herbert Fazio Jr. D-CA
- Robert T. Matsui D-CA
- Lynn C. Woolsey D-CA
- Ronald V. Dellums D-CA
- Thomas Peter Lantos D-CA
- Fortney Hillman (Pete) Stark Jr. D-CA
- Anna Georges Eshoo D-CA
- Norman Y. Mineta D-CA
- William Donlon (Don) Edwards D-CA
- Sam Farr D-CA
- Gary Adrian Condit D-CA
- Anthony Charles Beilenson D-CA
- Xavier Becerra D-CA
- Matthew G. Martínez D-CA
- Julian Carey Dixon D-CA
- Lucille Roybal-Allard D-CA
- Esteban Edward Torres D-CA
- Maxine Waters D-CA
- Walter R. Tucker III D-CA
- George Edward Brown Jr. D-CA
- Bob Filner D-CA
- Patricia Scott Schroeder D-CO
- Rosa L. Delauro D-CT
- Christopher H. Shays R-CT
- Corrine Brown D-FL
- Karen L. Thurman D-FL
- James Bacchus D-FL
- Carrie P. Meek D-FL
- Harry A. Johnston II D-FL
- Peter R. Deutsch D-FL
- John R. Lewis D-GA
- Cynthia Ann Mckinney D-GA
- Neil Abercrombie D-HI
- Bobby L. Rush D-IL
- Sidney Richard Yates D-IL
- Harris W. Fawell R-IL
- Lane Allen Evans D-IL
- Richard Joseph Durbin D-IL
- Peter Visclosky D-IN
- Philip Riley Sharp D-IN
- Jill Lynette Long D-IN
- John Thomas Myers R-IN
- Francis Xavier Mccloskey D-IN
- Lee Herbert Hamilton D-IN
- Andrew Jacobs Jr. D-IN
- Thomas J. Barlow III D-KY
- Romano Louis Mazzoli D-KY
- Henry Scott (Scotty) Baesler D-KY
- William Jennings Jefferson D-LA
- Cleo Fields D-LA
- John Walter Olver D-MA
- Richard Edmund Neal D-MA
- Barney Frank D-MA
- Edward John Markey D-MA
- Joseph Patrick Kennedy II D-MA
- John Joseph Moakley D-MA
- Gerry Eastman Studds D-MA
- Benjamin Louis Cardin D-MD
- Albert Russell Wynn D-MD
- Steny Hamilton Hoyer D-MD
- Kweisi Mfume D-MD
- Constance A. Morella R-MD
- Thomas Hiram Andrews D-ME
- Vernon James Ehlers R-MI
- Frederick Stephen Upton R-MI
- Milton Robert (Bob) Carr D-MI
- Dale Edward Kildee D-MI
- David Edward Bonior D-MI
- William David Ford D-MI
- John Conyers Jr. D-MI
- Barbara-Rose Collins D-MI
- John David Dingell Jr. D-MI
- Timothy Joseph Penny D-MN
- David R. Minge D-MN
- Bruce Frank Vento D-MN
- Martin Olav Sabo D-MN
- James Louis Oberstar D-MN
- William Lacy Clay Sr. D-MO
- Richard Andrew Gephardt D-MO
- Alan Dupree Wheat D-MO
- Harold Lee Volkmer D-MO
- Bennie Thompson D-MS
- John Patrick Williams D-MT
- Eva M. Clayton D-NC
- David Eugene Price D-NC
- Willie Gathrel (Bill) Hefner D-NC
- Peter J. Hoagland D-NE
- Richard Swett D-NH
- Donald Milford Payne D-NJ
- Robert Menendez D-NJ
- Bill Richardson D-NM
- George Joseph Hochbrueckner D-NY
- Gary Leonard Ackerman D-NY
- Floyd Harold Flake D-NY
- Thomas J. Manton D-NY
- Jerrold Lewis Nadler D-NY
- Nydia M. Velázquez D-NY
- Charles B. Rangel D-NY
- José E. Serrano D-NY
- Benjamin Arthur Gilman R-NY
- Maurice Dunlea Hinchey D-NY
- Louise McIntosh Slaughter D-NY
- David Scott Mann D-OH
- Tony Patrick Hall D-OH
- Ted Strickland D-OH
- Louis Stokes D-OH
- Sherrod Brown D-OH
- Thomas Charles Sawyer D-OH
- Douglas Earl Applegate D-OH
- Michael Lynn Synar D-OK
- Thomas Michael Foglietta D-PA
- Lucien Edward Blackwell D-PA
- Robert Anthony Borski Jr. D-PA
- Ronald Klink D-PA
- Thomas Timothy (Tim) Holden D-PA
- Paul E. Kanjorski D-PA
- Marjorie Margolies-Mezvinsky D-PA
- William Joseph Coyne D-PA
- Austin John Murphy D-PA
- James Enos Clyburn D-SC
- Timothy Peter (Tim) Johnson D-SD
- Barton Jennings Gordon D-TN
- Gregory H. Laughlin D-TX
- Ronald D'Emory Coleman D-TX
- Craig Anthony Washington D-TX
- Henry B. González D-TX
- Solomon P. Ortiz D-TX
- Frank Tejeda D-TX
- Eddie Bernice Johnson D-TX
- Owen Bradford Pickett D-VA
- Robert C. Scott D-VA
- James P. Moran D-VA
- Frederick C. Boucher D-VA
- Frank Rudolph Wolf R-VA
- Leslie Larkin Byrne D-VA
- Bernard Sanders I-VT
- Allan Byron Swift D-WA
- Jolene Unsoeld D-WA
- Jay Robert Inslee D-WA
- Norman DeValois Dicks D-WA
- James A. Mcdermott D-WA
- Myron Bradford (Mike) Kreidler D-WA
- Gerald Daniel Kleczka D-WI
- Thomas M. Barrett D-WI
- David Ross Obey D-WI
Did not vote
- Herbert Leon (Sonny) Callahan R-AL
- Eni F. H. Faleomavaega D-AS
- George Miller D-CA
- Nancy Pelosi D-CA
- Leon Edward Panetta D-CA
- Calvin M. Dooley D-CA
- Charles Jeremy (Jerry) Lewis R-CA
- David Evans Skaggs D-CO
- Eleanor Holmes Norton D-DC
- Michael Bilirakis R-FL
- Sam Melville Gibbons D-FL
- Daniel Miller R-FL
- Eugene Clay Shaw Jr. R-FL
- Alcee Lamar Hastings D-FL
- Jack Kingston R-GA
- James Roy Rowland Jr. D-GA
- Clete Donald Johnson Jr. (Don) D-GA
- Robert A. Underwood D-GU
- Patsy Takemoto Mink D-HI
- James Ross Lightfoot R-IA
- Mel Reynolds D-IL
- William Oliver Lipinski D-IL
- Luis V. Gutiérrez D-IL
- Daniel David Rostenkowski D-IL
- Cardiss Collins D-IL
- Philip Miller Crane R-IL
- James Charles Slattery D-KS
- Ron Lewis R-KY
- William Huston Natcher D-KY
- James Allison Hayes D-LA
- Martin Thomas Meehan D-MA
- Paul B. Henry R-MI
- Alphonso Michael (Mike) Espy D-MS
- Charles Grandison Rose III D-NC
- John Alexander Mcmillan III (Alex) R-NC
- Cass Ballenger R-NC
- Charles Hart Taylor R-NC
- Melvin L. Watt D-NC
- Dean Anderson Gallo R-NJ
- Edolphus Towns D-NY
- Major Robert Odell Owens D-NY
- Michael Robert Mcnulty D-NY
- Gerald Brooks Hunt Solomon R-NY
- John Joseph Lafalce D-NY
- Willis David Gradison Jr. R-OH
- John Andrew Boehner R-OH
- Frank D. Lucas R-OK
- Glenn Lee English Jr. D-OK
- Michael J. Kopetski D-OR
- John Patrick Murtha Jr. D-PA
- Carlos A. Romero-Barceló D-PR
- Butler Carson Derrick Jr. D-SC
- James Henry Quillen R-TN
- Marilyn Laird Lloyd D-TN
- Donald Kenneth Sundquist R-TN
- Harold Eugene Ford D-TN
- Joe Linus Barton R-TX
- Jack Milton Fields Jr. R-TX
- Jack Bascom Brooks D-TX
- Michael Allen Andrews D-TX
- Raymond Eugene (Gene) Green D-TX
- William Orton D-UT
- Norman Sisisky D-VA
- Ron De Lugo D-VI
- Thomas Stephen Foley D-WA
Other votes
From Voteview roll call records.
Cite or embed this page
Capitol Receipts, “Workforce restructuring act: House Vote, Mar 11, 1994,” https://www.capitolreceipts.com/vote/103-H-652/workforce-restructuring-act (accessed 2026-10-13).