A joint resolution to authorize the use of United States Armed Forces pursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution 678.

On Jan 12, 1991, the Senate voted 52–47 on “On the Joint Resolution” (SJRES 2). Result: Joint Resolution Passed. By party: Democrats 10–45, Republicans 42–2. It was a split vote: the parties took opposite sides, with some members crossing over. 12 members voted against their own party.

During the 102nd Congress (1991–1992), George H. W. Bush was president, and Democrats held majorities in both the House and Senate.

Result: Joint Resolution Passed
Yes: 52
No: 47
Did not vote: 3
Date: Jan 12, 1991

By party

Republicans42 yes · 2 no
Democrats10 yes · 45 no · 3 didn’t vote

Who broke with their party

Howell Thomas Heflin D-AL voted yes
Richard C. Shelby D-AL voted yes
Joseph I. Lieberman D-CT voted yes
Daniel Robert (Bob) Graham D-FL voted yes
Charles Ernest Grassley R-IA voted no
John Bennett Johnston Jr. D-LA voted yes
John Berlinger Breaux D-LA voted yes
Harry Reid D-NV voted yes
Richard H Bryan D-NV voted yes
Mark Odom Hatfield R-OR voted no
Albert Arnold Gore Jr. D-TN voted yes
Charles Spittal Robb D-VA voted yes

How each senator voted: Yes

How each senator voted: No

Did not vote

Other votes

From Voteview roll call records.

Cite or embed this page

Capitol Receipts, “A joint resolution to authorize the use of…: Senate Vote, Jan 12, 1991,” https://www.capitolreceipts.com/vote/102-S-2/a-joint-resolution-to-authorize-the-use-of-united (accessed 2026-10-17).